The front or heads side of a coin, usually featuring a portrait, emblem or other image.
The back or tails side of a coin, often displaying a different design than the obverse.
A facility where coins are produced under the authority of a government.
The process of making coins, or the coins themselves.
The face value of a coin, such as 1 cent, 5 cents, etc.
The condition or state of preservation of a coin, often graded on a scale from Poor to Mint State.
A coin that differs from others of the same type in design, inscription, or other characteristic.
The total number of coins produced of a particular type and date.
The collector's or market value of a coin, often based on its rarity, condition, and demand.
Collectibles related to coins but not issued by official government mints, such as tokens, medals, and badges.
A coin with a mistake made during the minting process, making it different from the intended design.
A mark stamped onto a coin after it has been minted, often indicating acceptance or validation.
A coin that is scarce or rare, usually with a low mintage, and is considered important or essential for a complete collection.
The surface color or tone of a coin, often caused by oxidation or other natural processes.
The act of accumulating coins or other valuables, often for investment or preservation purposes.
A coin that has been illegally reproduced to deceive collectors or deceive as genuine.
A trial or experimental coin produced to test a new design, metal, or minting process.
A book or binder used by collectors to store and display their coins in an organized manner.
The blank metal disk onto which a coin design is struck.
A company that evaluates and grades coins based on their condition and authenticity, providing a certificate of authenticity and grade.
Bullion typically refers to gold, silver, or other precious metals in the form of bars, ingots, or coins. These metals are valued by their weight and purity rather than their face value as currency. Bullion is often used as a store of value or investment, and its price is determined by the global precious metals market.
Banknotes are paper or polymer notes issued by a central bank or other authorized monetary authority that are used as a form of currency. They are typically used as a medium of exchange in the same way as coins. Banknotes usually feature portraits of important figures, national symbols, or historical events, and they often include security features to prevent counterfeiting. Unlike coins, the value of a banknote is not based on the material it's made of but on the authority backing it and its acceptance as legal tender.
Bonds are debt securities issued by governments, municipalities, corporations, or other entities to raise capital. When you buy a bond, you are essentially lending money to the issuer in exchange for periodic interest payments and the return of the bond's face value when it matures. Bonds typically have a fixed term (maturity date) and pay a fixed or variable interest rate (coupon rate) based on the bond's face value. Bonds are considered a relatively safe investment compared to stocks, as they are backed by the issuer's ability to repay the debt.
Emergency notes, also known as emergency money or notgeld, were a form of currency issued by various entities during times of economic or political crisis when official currency was scarce or unavailable. These notes were typically issued by local governments, businesses, or organizations and were used as a temporary means of exchange. Emergency notes often had unique designs and denominations and were sometimes issued on unusual materials such as cardboard or leather. They were generally used only within a specific locality or region and were eventually replaced by official currency once stability was restored.
Military Payment Certificates (MPC) were a form of currency used by the United States military personnel and their dependents stationed overseas. They were used in areas where local currency was either unavailable or not trusted. MPCs were issued in various denominations and were only valid for use on U.S. military bases or with authorized local merchants.
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